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  • Shweta Tiwari

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Freedom of Speech during Protests: Protection of Slogans, Placards, Speeches and Symbolic Acts

Introduction: Protest is one of the oldest instruments of democratic dialogue. Long before constitutions codified the “right to free speech,” ordinary people expressed dissent through...

Evidentiary Admissibility of Electronic Evidence under Section 61 BSA: statutory certificate compliance, forensic imaging standards, and establishing chain of custody.

Introduction The advent of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (“BSA”), which came into force on 1 July 2024 in substitution of the Indian Evidence Act,...

SECURITY DEPOSIT DISPUTES IN INDIA: How Tenants Can Legally Recover Unreasonable Deductions from Uncooperative Landlords

Introduction A security deposit in an Indian tenancy is meant to function as a simple safeguard: the tenant pays a lump sum at the start...

HIT-AND-RUN ACCIDENTS UNDER THE BHARATIYA NYAYA SANHITA, 2023:RULES, PENALTIES AND LEGAL IMPLICATIONS

Abstract: The enactment of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 (hereinafter ‘BNS’) marks a watershed moment in the codification of Indian criminal law, supplanting the Indian...

Customer Phone Number Collection by Retail Stores Under the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023: Privacy, Consent and Compliance Challenges

Abstract: The collection of customer phone numbers has become a common feature of retail transactions in India. Retail establishments frequently request phone numbers for purposes...