Consumer Protection in Cross-Border E-Commerce: Jurisdiction, Applicable Law and Platform Accountability
Consumer Protection in Cross-Border E-Commerce: Jurisdiction, Applicable Law and Platform Accountability Abstract The rapid expansion of electronic commerce across borders has brought about a sea change in the functioning of the international consumer markets through the use of the internet. The average consumer is now able to make purchases and acquisitions from the international marketplace […]
Consumer Protection in Cross-Border E-Commerce: Jurisdiction, Applicable Law and Platform Accountability
Consumer Protection in Cross-Border E-Commerce: Jurisdiction, Applicable Law and Platform Accountability Abstract The rapid expansion of electronic commerce across borders has brought about a sea change in the functioning of the international consumer markets through the use of the internet. The average consumer is now able to make purchases and acquisitions from the international marketplace […]
HUNGER STRIKES AND FASTS UNTO DEATH: AUTONOMY, STATE INTERVENTION AND MEDICAL ETHICS
AN ANALYSIS OF HOW OUR GOVERNMENT, JUDICIARY AND MEDICAL SYSTEM WORKS, WHEN IT COMES TO THE THREAT TO A PERSON’S LIFE DUE TO HUNGER STRIKES AND FASTS WHILE DEMANDING ACCOUNTABILITY OR CHANGES IN THE SYSTEM. ABSTRACT : Imagine a person locking themselves in a room and refusing to eat food or drink water until […]
Sedition’s Replacement under Section 152 BNS and Its Implications for Protest Speech
ABSTRACT With the introduction of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), 2023, India replaced the colonial-era Indian Penal Code (IPC), 1860. One of the most debated changes was the removal of the offence of sedition under Section 124A of the IPC. In its place, the legislature introduced Section 152 of the BNS, which makes it an […]
Legislative Research and Policy Analysis of the Income-tax Bill, 2025: Simplification, Certainty, and the Future of India’s Direct Tax Regime
Legislative Research and Policy Analysis of the Income-tax Bill, 2025: Simplification, Certainty, and the Future of India’s Direct Tax Regime Introduction & Background The role of tax laws is unique in a constitutionally framed democratic society. Tax laws serve not only as a means to raise revenues, but also as instruments of economic policy-making and […]
Plea Bargaining Under Chapter XXIII BNSS: Eligible Offences, Mutual Satisfactory Disposition, and Finality of Judgment Explained
ABSTRACT This paper examines Chapter XXIII of BNSS 2023, specifically sections 289–300, which restructures the plea bargaining framework which was first introduced into the CrPC by the Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, 2005. It traces the doctrine’s evolution from judicial hostility in cases like the State of U.P. v. Chandrika to its eventual statutory recognition, and […]
Protest Without Fear? Comparing Legal Limits on Freedom of Assembly in Four Constitutional Democracies
The Legal Landscape of Protest Abstract The right to protest occupies a paradoxical place in modern constitutional democracies: celebrated as the lifeblood of participatory governance yet treated with suspicion as a source of disorder. This paper compares how India, the United Kingdom, the United States and South Africa regulate public protest, tracing the constitutional or […]
AUTHENTICATING DIGITAL EVI DENCE IN THE AGE OF GENERATIVE AI Rethinking Criminal Procedural Safeguards
AUTHENTICATING DIGITAL EVIDENCE IN THE AGE OF GENERATIVE AI Rethinking Criminal Procedural Safeguards Imane Djeffal Legal Researcher Faculty of Law / Department of Criminal Law Mohamed Khider University of Biskra, Algeria 2026 Abstract The rapid advancement of generative artificial intelligence (AI) has introduced unprecedented challenges to the authentication of digital evidence in criminal […]
Social-Media Calls to Protest: When Online Mobilisation Becomes Criminal Incitement
Social-Media Calls to Protest: When Online Mobilisation Becomes Criminal Incitement Introduction In today’s digital era, social media is no longer just a platform for entertainment or communication. People now use platforms like Facebook, Instagram, X (Twitter), WhatsApp, and Telegram to conduct awareness campaigns, engage in political discussions, and organize public protests. A single social media […]
Death Penalty in India: Constitutional Validity v. Human Rights
Introduction: As per the current scenario, we are noticing that the crime rates are increasing day-by-day in a brutal manner. We are evidencing, the most heinous crimes in our surroundings, whether it is murder, rape, kidnapping, torture, dowry death, terrorism, gang rape, acid attacks, child abusing …etc and in recent times we have been witnessed […]