Mandatory Biometric Attendance in India: Can Employees or Students Lawfully Refuse Facial or Fingerprint Authentication?
Jurisdiction: India (Union law, with reference to Delhi and Odisha/Orissa High Court and Supreme Court proceedings) Research cut-off date: 19 September 2026 Format: Gray-area legal research article What Is the Short Answer on Refusing Biometric Attendance in India? Indian law does not settle this question; the answer changes with who is asking. A government employer […]
Transparent Urgent-Listing Rules: How Courts Can Prioritise Genuine Emergencies Without Rewarding Influence
Introduction Urgent listing of cases in India is the process through which a court gives a matter priority for earlier judicial consideration when delay may cause serious or irreversible prejudice. It is particularly important where a person’s liberty is at stake or where an urgent interim order is necessary to prevent immediate harm. At the […]
When Algorithms Ground Passengers: Denied Boarding Due to AI-Driven Risk Flags, Airline Duties, the Right to Explanation and Compensation under Aviation Law
When Algorithms Ground Passengers Abstract Airlines and state aviation-security authorities increasingly rely on algorithmic risk-scoring tools automated systems that assign a “risk flag” to a passenger based on booking patterns, watchlist matches, travel history, and behavioral indicators — to decide, often within seconds of check-in, whether a person may board an aircraft. When such a […]
Beyond Design Registration: The Crocs–Bata Judgment and the Future of Fashion Intellectual Property in India
1. Abstract The Delhi High Court’s 2025 decision in Crocs Inc. USA v. Bata India Ltd. & Ors. has reopened one of Indian intellectual property law’s most persistent unresolved questions: whether a product feature that is registered as a design under the Designs Act, 2000 can simultaneously be protected as trade dress through a common-law […]
Legislative Research and Policy Analysis of the Income-tax Bill, 2025: Simplification, Certainty, and the Future of India’s Direct Tax Regime
Legislative Research and Policy Analysis of the Income-tax Bill, 2025: Simplification, Certainty, and the Future of India’s Direct Tax Regime Introduction & Background The role of tax laws is unique in a constitutionally framed democratic society. Tax laws serve not only as a means to raise revenues, but also as instruments of economic policy-making and […]
Consumer Protection in Cross-Border E-Commerce: Jurisdiction, Applicable Law and Platform Accountability
Consumer Protection in Cross-Border E-Commerce: Jurisdiction, Applicable Law and Platform Accountability Abstract The rapid expansion of electronic commerce across borders has brought about a sea change in the functioning of the international consumer markets through the use of the internet. The average consumer is now able to make purchases and acquisitions from the international marketplace […]
Consumer Protection in Cross-Border E-Commerce: Jurisdiction, Applicable Law and Platform Accountability
Consumer Protection in Cross-Border E-Commerce: Jurisdiction, Applicable Law and Platform Accountability Abstract The rapid expansion of electronic commerce across borders has brought about a sea change in the functioning of the international consumer markets through the use of the internet. The average consumer is now able to make purchases and acquisitions from the international marketplace […]
HUNGER STRIKES AND FASTS UNTO DEATH: AUTONOMY, STATE INTERVENTION AND MEDICAL ETHICS
AN ANALYSIS OF HOW OUR GOVERNMENT, JUDICIARY AND MEDICAL SYSTEM WORKS, WHEN IT COMES TO THE THREAT TO A PERSON’S LIFE DUE TO HUNGER STRIKES AND FASTS WHILE DEMANDING ACCOUNTABILITY OR CHANGES IN THE SYSTEM. ABSTRACT : Imagine a person locking themselves in a room and refusing to eat food or drink water until […]
Sedition’s Replacement under Section 152 BNS and Its Implications for Protest Speech
ABSTRACT With the introduction of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), 2023, India replaced the colonial-era Indian Penal Code (IPC), 1860. One of the most debated changes was the removal of the offence of sedition under Section 124A of the IPC. In its place, the legislature introduced Section 152 of the BNS, which makes it an […]
Climate Litigation and the Duty of Care: Judicial Recognition of Environmental Responsibility .
Introduction Climate change began as a concern in the environmental arena but over the years now constitutes one of the legal challenges of the twenty first century. The role of the courts, in many countries, to adjudicate whether the government and the major firms have a legal burden to shield not only the present citizens […]